English Quiz for LIC Assistant Mains: 7th December

English Quiz for LIC Assistant Mains 7th December

Directions (1- 10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
At the time Jane Austen’s novels were published – between 1811 and 1818 – English literature was not part of any academic curriculum. In addition, fiction was under strenuous attack. Certain religious and political groups felt novels had the power to make so called immoral characters so interesting young readers would identify with them; these groups also considered novels to be of little practical use. Even Coleridge, certainly no literary reactionary, spoke for many when he asserted that “novel-reading occasions the destruction of the mind’s power.
These attitudes towards novels help explain why Austen received little attention from early nineteenth century literary critics. (In any case, a novelist published anonymously, as Austen was, would not be likely to receive much critical attention). The literary response that was accorded her, however, was often as incisive as twentieth century criticism. In his attack in 1816 on novelistic portrayals “outside of ordinary experience, ” for example, Scott made an insightful remark about the merits of Austen’s fiction. Her novels, wrote Scott, “present to the reader an accurate and exact picture of ordinary everyday people and places, reminiscent of seventeenth –century Flemish painting”. Scott did not use the word “realistic probability in judging novels. The critic whitely did not use the word realism either, but he expressed agreement with Scott’s evaluation, and went on to suggest the possibilities for moral instruction in what we have called Austen’s realistic method. Her characters, wrote whitely, are persuasive agents for moral truth since they are ordinary persons “so clearly evoked that was feel an interest in their fate as if it were our own Moral instruction, explained Whitely, is more likely to be effective when conveyed through recognizably human and interesting characters then when imparted by a sermonizing narrator. Whitely especially praised Austen’s ability to create characters who “mingle goodness and villainy, weakness and virtue, as in life they are always mingled. “Whitely concluded his remarks by comparing Austen’s art of characterization to Dicken’s, stating his preference for Austin’s often anticipated the reservations of twentieth-century critics.
An example of such a response was Lewes’ complaint in 1859 that Austen’s range of subjects and characters was too narrow. Praising her verisimilitude, Lewes added that nonetheless her focus was too often upon only the unlofty and the common place. (Twentieth-century Marxists, on the other hand, were to complain about what they saw as her exclusive emphasis on a lofty upper-middle class) In any case, having been rescued by some literary critics from neglect and indeed gradually lionized by them, Austen’s steadily reached, by the mid-nineteenth century, the enviable pinnacle of being considered controversial.

Q1.The primary purpose of the passage is to
(a) demonstrate the nineteenth-century preference for realistic novels rather than romantic ones.
(b) Explain why Jane Austen’s novels were not included in any academic curriculum in the early nineteenth century
(c) Urge a reassessment of Jane Austen’s novels by twentieth-century literary critics
(d) Describe some of the responses of nineteenth – century criticaster Jane Austen’s novels as well as to fiction in general
(e) Argue that realistic character portrayal is the novelist’s most difficult task as well as the aspect of novel most likely to elicit critical response.

Q2. The authors mentions that English literature “was not part of any academic curriculum ” in the early nineteenth century in order to
(a) emphasize the need for Jane Austen to increate ordinary, everyday character in her novels.
(b) give support to those religious and political groups that had attacked fiction
(c) give one reason why Jane Austen’s novels received little critical attention in the early nineteenth century.
(d) suggest the superiority of an informal and unsystematized approach to the study of literature
(e) contrast nineteenth-century attitudes towards English literature with those towards classical literature

Q3. The passage supplies information to suggest that the religious and political groups mentioned and Whately might have agreed that a novel
(a) has little practical use
(b) has the ability to influence the moral values of its readers
(c) is of most interest to readers when representing ordinary human characters.
(d) should not be read by young readers.
(e) Needs the sermonizing of a narrator in order to impart moral truths

Q4. The author quotes Coleridge in order to
(a) refute the literary opinions of certain religious and political groups
(b) make a case for the inferiority of novels to poetry
(c) give an example of a writer who was not a literary reactionary
(d) illustrate the early nineteenth-century belief that fiction was especially appealing to young readers
(e) indicate how widespread was the attack on novels in the early nineteenth century

Q5. The passage suggests that twentieth century Marxists would have admired Jane Austen’s noels more if the novels, a he Marxists understood them, had
(a) described the values of upper-middle class society
(b) avoided moral instruction and sermonizing
(c) depicted ordinary society in a more flattering light portrayed characters from more than one class of society
(d) portrayed characters from more than one class of society
(e) anticipated some of controversial social problems of the twentieth century.

Q6. According to the passage, the lack of critical attention paid to Jane Austen can be explained by all of the following nineteenth-century attitudes towards the novel EXCEPT the
(a) assurance felt by many people that novels weakened the mind
(b) certainly shared by many political commentators that the range of novels was too narrow
(c) lack of interest shown by some critics in novels that were published anonymously
(d) fear exhibited by some religious and political groups that novels had the power to portray immoral characters attractively
(e) belief held by some religious and political groups that novels had no practical value.

Q7. What is the meaning of ‘verisimilitude’ in the above passage?
(a) Language quality and appeal
(b) Presentation quality in writing
(c) Expressiveness of ideas
(d) Quality of truth likeness in writing
(e) None of the above
Directions (8-9): Choose the word/group of words which is most SIMILAR in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in passage.
Q8.Accord
(a)pithy
(b) concede
(c) penchant
(d) munificent
(e) plaudit

Q9. Sermonizing
(a)sanguine
(b) beguile
(c) staid
(d) harangue
(e) vestige

Directions (10): Choose the word/group of words which is most OPPOSITE in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in passage.
Q10. Incisive
(a)vague
(b) plausible
(c) umbrage
(d) vociferous
(e) propitious

Directions (11–15) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions—
The great fear in Asia a short while ago was that the region would suffer through the wealth destruction already taking place in the U.S. as a result of the financial crisis. Stock markets tumbled as exports plunged and economic growth deteriorated. Lofty property prices in China and elsewhere looked set to bust as credit tightened and buyers evaporated. But with surprising speed, fear in Asia swung back to greed as the region shows signs of recovery and property and stock prices are soaring in many parts of Asia.

Why should the sharp Asian turnaround be greeted with scepticism ? Higher asset prices mean households feel wealthier and better able to spend, which could further fuel the region’s nascent rebound. But just as easily, Asia could soon find itself saddled with overheated markets similar to the U.S. housing market. In short the world has not changed, it has just moved places.
The incipient bubble is being created by government policy. In response to the global credit crunch of 2008, policy makers in Asia slashed interest rates and flooded financial sectors with cash in frantic attempts to keep loans flowing and economies growing. These steps were logical for central bankers striving to reverse a deepening economic crisis. But there’s evidence that there is too much easy money around. It’s winding up in stocks and real estate, pushing prices up too far and too fast for the underlying economic fundamentals. Much of the concern is focused on China, where government stimulus efforts have been large and effective. Money in China has been especially easy to find. Aggregate new bank lending surged 201% in the first half of 2009 from the same period a year earlier, to nearly $ 1.1 trillion. Exuberance over a quick recovery–which was given a boost by China’s surprisingly strong 7.9% GDP growth in the second quarter–has buoyed investor sentiment not just for stocks but also for real estate.

Former U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan argued that bubbles could only be recognised in hindsight. But investors–who have been well schooled in the dangers of bubbles over the past decade are increasingly wary that prices have risen too far, and that the slightest bit of negative economic news could knock markets for a loop. These fears are compounded by the possibility that Asia’s central bankers will begin taking steps to shut off the money. rumours that Beijing was on the verge of tightening credit led to Shanghai stocks plunging 5%. Yet many economists believe that, “there is close to a zero possibility that the Chinese government will do anything this year that constitutes tightening.” And without a major shift in thinking, the easy-money conditions will stay in place. In a global economy that has produced more dramatic ups and downs than anyone thought possible over the past two years, Asia may be heading for another disheartening plunge.

Q11. To which of the following has the author attributed the 2008 Asian financial crisis ?
(1) Reluctance of Asian governments to taper off the economic stimulus
(2) Greed of Asian investors causing them to trade stocks of American companies at high prices
(3) Inflated real estate prices in Asian countries
(a) None
(b) Only (1)
(c) Only (3)
(d) Only (1) and (2)
(e) Only (2)

Q12. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
(1) All Asian economies are recovering at the same pace
(2) Experts are apprehensive about the state of Asian economies despite their recovery
(3) Developed countries should implement the same economies reforms as Asian ones
(a) Only (1)
(b) Only (2) and (3)
(c) Only (1) and (2)
(d) Only (2)
(e) None of these

Q13. Why has investor confidence in the Chinese stock market been restored?
(1) Existing property prices which are stable and affordable
(2) The government has decided to tighten credit
(3) Healthy growth of the economy indicated by GDP figures
(a) Only (3)
(b) Only (1) and (2)
(c) All (1), (2) and (3)
(d) Only (2)
(e) None of these

Q14. Which of the following can be said about the Chinese government’s efforts to revive the economy?
(a) These were largely unsuccessful as only the housing market improved
(b) The government’s only concern was to boost investor confidence in stocks
(c) These efforts were ineffectual as the economy recovered owing to the US market stabilising
(d) These were appropriate and accomplished the goal of economic revival
(e) They blindly imitated the economic reforms adopted by the US

Q15. What does the author want to convey through the phrase “The world has not changed it has just moved places”?
(a) At present countries are more dependent on Asian economics than on the US economy
(b) Economies has become interlinked on account of globalisation
(c) Asian governments are implementing the same economic reforms as developed countries
(d) All economies are susceptible to recession because of the state of the US economy
(e) None of these

Solution:

S1. Ans. (d)
Sol. Option (d) is correct as compared to others in context of the passage.

S2. Ans. (c)
Sol. We can conclude by referring to the first paragraph of the passage that option (c) is the correct explanation as compared to others.

S3. Ans. (b)
Sol. It has been clearly mentioned in the third sentence of the first paragraph “Certain religious and political groups felt novels had the power to make so called immoral characters so interesting young readers would identify with them; these groups also considered novels to be of little practical use.”, making option (b) correct.

S4. Ans. (e)
Sol. We can easily infer from last sentence of the first paragraph “Even Coleridge, certainly no literary reactionary, spoke for many when he asserted that “novel-reading occasions the destruction of the mind’s power” that sentence (e) is the correct choice.

S5. Ans. (d)
Sol. Refer to the third paragraph of the passage, they criticized her exclusive depiction of upper- middle class.

S6. Ans. (b)
Sol. Refer to the first few sentences of the third paragraph, This was the charge of the literary critics, not of political commentators.

S7. Ans. (d)
Sol. It means realistic depiction.

S8. Ans. (b)
Sol. Accord means give or grant someone (power, status, or recognition). Hence it has same meaning as concede.
Plaudit means enthusiastic approval.
Pithy means concise and full of meaning.
Penchant means a strong liking.
Munificent means very generous.

S9. Ans. (d)
Sol. Sermonizing means a long or tedious piece of admonition or reproof, a lecture. Hence it has similar meaning as harangue.
Vestige means an indication that something has been present.
Staid means characterized by dignity and propriety.
Sanguine means confidently optimistic and cheerful.

S10. Ans. (a)
Sol. Incisive means intelligently analytical and clear-thinking. Hence it has opposite meaning as Vague.
Propitious means favourable.
Vociferous means conspicuously and offensively loud.
Umbrage means a feeling of anger caused by being offended.
Plausible means seeming reasonable or probable.

S11. Ans.(a)
Sol. The passage says, ‘The incipient bubble is being created by government policy. In response to the global credit crunch of 2008, policy makers in Asia slashed interest rates and flooded financial sectors with cash in frantic attempts to keep loans flowing and economies growing.’

S12. Ans.(d)
Sol. The passage says, ‘Exuberance over a quick recovery –which was given a boost by China’s surprisingly strong 7.9% G DP growth in the second quarter -has buoyed investor sentiment not just for stocks but also for real estate.’

S13. Ans.(a)
Sol. The passage says, ‘Exuberance over a quick recovery –which was given a boost by China’s surprisingly strong 7.9% G DP growth in the second quarter -has buoyed investor sentiment not just for stocks but also for real estate.’

S14. Ans.(d)
Sol. The passage says, ‘Much of the concern is focused on China, where government stimulus efforts have been large and effective. Money in China has been especially easy to find.’

S15. Ans.(d)
Sol. The passage says, ‘But just as easily, Asia could soon find itself saddled with overheated markets similar to the U.S. housing market. In short the world has not changed, it has just moved places.’