Dear Aspirants,
English Language Quiz For IBPS PO
IBPS PO Prelims and exam result is out. Now the next step is to clear the Mains examination. Thus, the English Language can be an impetus for your success by saving time and scoring well. So, instead of boiling the ocean, try building up a strong vocabulary, an effective knowledge of grammar, and efficient comprehension skills so as to be on the ball to face this particular section. Here is a quiz on English Language being provided by Adda247 to let you practice the best of latest pattern English Questions for upcoming IBPS PO Mains exam 2018.
Directions (1-5): Read the following passage divided into number of paragraphs carefully and answer the questions that follow it.
Paragraph 1: The Indian plastic industry provides employment to over four million people in approximately 30,000 processing and manufacturing units. It was worth ₹1 trillion as of financial year (FY) 15 and is poised to grow at a steady 10.5% annually till FY20. At $7.64 billion, plastic exports accounted for nearly 3% of India’s total exports in FY15-16. So, is a blanket ban on plastic across the country economically and logistically viable? On 27 March, the Union ministry of environment, forest and climate change amended the Plastic Waste Management Rules (2016). According to the amendment, manufacturers, suppliers, and sellers of plastic (and plastic products) across the nation will now be required to phase out, over a period of two years, all such products which have no alternative use or are non-recyclable and non-energy recoverable. This move was preceded by a state-wide ban in Maharashtra on the manufacture, usage, sale (wholesale and retail), distribution, storage and import of plastic bags and all disposable products made out of plastic.
Paragraph 2: To the people employed in the industry, it could mean the shutdown of factories and potential job losses. To the consumer, it would mean choosing between alternatives that are either too expensive, impractical or not as easily available. Just like the demonetization shock, the unrealistic timeline for the implementation of the plastic ban has caught all stakeholders unawares, making it extremely difficult to comply with. For any ban to be effective, the entire value chain needs to be looked at holistically, with robust systems in place at each level. Weak enforcement has been the root cause of ineffectiveness for even the most well-thought-out policies in India. The lack of proper planning and preparedness, in this case, makes efficacious execution even more challenging. What needs to be formulated is an end-to-end approach to eradicate the use and sale of plastic.
Paragraph 3: The implementation must begin at the back end, with incentives and tax benefits that could aid manufacturers in their gradual shift to alternatives for plastic. However, the consumer will be the one who makes all the difference. This is where the government can nudge rather than coerce citizens to demand and use less plastic. A “nudge”, as Nobel laureate Richard Thaler defines it, is any aspect of the choice architecture that alters people’s behaviour in a predictable way without forbidding any options or significantly changing their economic incentives.
Paragraph 4: The plastic bag has become so ubiquitous and indispensable to the consumer that we expect the groceries we buy to be put in one. Breaking this habit will require nudges that positively reinforce the practice of not using plastic altogether. One way of doing this would be to give discounts to customers who bring their own bags, or reward points for not requesting a plastic bag—as opposed to fining, penalizing, or charging high prices. Another nudge, which has been extremely successful globally in donation scenarios, is the “opt-out model”. Here, customers would by default be considered as opted-in for non-plastic items, forcing them to manually opt-out to choose otherwise. Having said all this, the depth and extent of the plastic problem globally is all but boundless. In 2025, it is estimated that the annual input of plastic waste from land to ocean will be over 16 million metric tons—almost 100 bags of plastic per foot of coastline in the world.
Paragraph 5: The UN joint group of experts on the scientific aspects of marine pollution estimated that 60-95% of this marine pollution comes from land-based sources (primarily plastic), resulting in the death of 100,000 marine mammals annually, apart from killing millions of birds and fish. In this respect, India has indeed taken a step in the right direction, with 18 states and Union territories having imposed a complete ban on plastic. But what may turn this transformative initiative into a disaster could be the myopic view of the government in not realizing that a ban can only be a means to an end, and not the end itself.
Q1. Which of the following sentences can be inferred from paragraph 1 of the passage?
The death of 100,000 marine animals has been reported due to plastics.
Indian Plastic industry provides employment to much portion of the population.
Government has planned to terminate the use of non- recyclable products.
both (a) and (c)
both (b) and (c)
Solution:
We can infer that option (b) and (c) both can be inferred from the paragraph 1.This is given in the first line of the para itself that the Indian plastic industry provides employment to over four million people in approximately 30,000 processing and manufacturing units and furthermore it is poised to grow. Hence option(e) can be opted as the correct answer choice.
Q2. Derive a conclusory statement from paragraph 2 of the passage.
There is urgent need to ban the use of plastics for economic growth of the country.
Wide use of plastics is degrading the environment as it takes long time to decompose.
The whole system from manufacturers to the end consumers need to comply with the policy of plastic ban for its successful implementation.
The eradication of plastics from country is difficult unless consumers give their consent to the policy formulated.
None of these
Solution:
Paragraph 2 elucidates the methods to make the ban on plastic effective. It is the entire value chain that is, from manufacturers to consumers that need to be in agreement with this policy. Only sentence (c) is related to this theme and hence can be made as a conclusory statement of the paragraph. Hence option (c) is an appropriate answer choice.
Q3. According to the passage, what does an “opt- out model” suggests?
(I) Opting plastic bags is considered an erroneous deed.
(II) Customers are forced to use non- plastic items.
(III) Customers are made to choose between plastic and non- plastic items.
(IV) Customers have no other option left than to use non- plastic items.
Only (I) and (II)
Only (II), (III) and (IV)
Only (I), (II) and (III)
Only (I), (II) and (IV)
All are correct
Solution:
Here the sentences (I), (II) and (IV) convey the correct meaning of “opt- out model”. It refers to the fact that in this model, the choice of using plastic doesn’t exist at all. Hence option (d) is the most suitable answer choice to be made. Refer the lines of fourth paragraph “Another nudge, which has been extremely successful globally in donation scenarios, is the “opt-out model”. Here, customers would by default be considered as opted-in for non-plastic items, forcing them to manually opt-out to choose otherwise.”
Q4. According to the passage, how can the disastrous situation be avoided by the government?
(I) by protecting the marine population.
(II) by realizing the fact that only banning the plastics cannot end its use.
(III) by coming up with different solutions for controlling the use of plastics.
Only (II)
Only (III)
Only (I) and (II)
Only (II) and (III)
All are correct
Solution:
Referring to the fifth paragraph of the passage, we can conclude the sentences (II) and (III) are correct. As it is mentioned that if government does not realise the fact that ban of plastic use will not end up the issue completely, then this initiative could turn into disaster, hence it can be inferred that other measures need to be undertaken by the government for controlling the use of plastics. Sentence (I) fails to connect with the theme. Hence option (d) is the most appropriate choice.
Q5. Suggest an appropriate title for the passage.
Plastic affecting marine pollution
Myopic view of government
Plastic or non- plastic
Plastic- free India
Nudging consumers
Solution:
“Plastic- free India” is an appropriate title of the passage as whole passage revolves around the theme of recent amendment made by Indian government in order to phase out the plastic products.
Directions (6-10): In each of the questions given below a paragraph is given with blank spaces which are numbered. Against each numbered blank space three sentences are given which may or may not fill the given blank. Choose the sentence(s) that can fill the blank space appropriately.
The Plastic Waste Management Rules of 2016 are (6) __________________________ against plastic. The most significant aspect of the Rules is that they strengthen the concept of ‘extended producers responsibility’ whereby (7) ________________________________________are legally bound to introduce a system of collecting back plastic waste. As an environmentally friendly alternative to plastic does not exist yet, and (8) ________________________________________, the country has to move towards a regime where plastic waste is treated and recycled rather than engage (9) ________________________________________. The Rules lay down the procedure to do that. The Rules direct that a plastic waste management fee be collected through pre-registration of the producers, importers of plastic carry bags/multilayered packaging and vendors selling the same, (10) ________________________________________.
Q6. (I) the sharpest prongs in India’s legal arsenal
(II) the strongest impediments
(III) the desperate panaceas to fight
both (I) and (III)
only (III)
only (II)
Both (I) and (II)
All (I), (II) and (III)
Solution:
The paragraph is describing about the aspects of plastic waste management rules of 2016. It has suggested recycling and reusing of plastic instead of banning it, which requires great deal of efforts to be taken by producers. Among the given expressions, expressions (I) and (III) aptly fit in the context of the paragraph, since it is describing about conquering plastic waste. Hence, option (a) is the most viable answer choice.
Q7. (I) the producers who choose to delegate this responsibility
(II) plastics manufacturers and retail establishments
(III) the manufacturers of the product responsible
both (I) and (III)
only (III)
only (II)
Both (II) and (III)
All (I), (II) and (III)
Solution:
Both the (II) and (III) expressions fit appropriately in the context of the paragraph. It is to be noted that the pervious sentence of the blank has mentioned about the concept of extended producers responsibility which provides a hint that the blank should be filled with the phrase referring to the responsibilities of the producers. However, expression (I) stands irrelevant with the theme of the paragraph, hence, option (d) is the most suitable answer choice.
Q8. (I) plastic is too ubiquitous and useful
(II) plastic involves the use of potentially dangerous chemicals
(III) plastic products are highly flammable
both (I) and (III)
only (I)
only (II)
Both (II) and (III)
All (I), (II) and (III)
Solution:
Among the given expressions, only expression (I) precisely fills the blank adhering to the theme of the paragraph. It is to be noted that the sentence has mentioned the reasons for recycling the plastic waste [plastic waste is treated and recycled]. This rationale behind this is, since the first reason [As an environmentally friendly alternative to plastic does not exist yet] provided in the beginning of the sentence connects the blank with the conjunction “and”, the latter part of the sentence should also mention a reason for the plastic waste treatment. Only option expression (I) satisfies this criterion, hence, option (b) is the most viable answer choice.
Q9. (I) in transformation of plastic bags.
(II) in recycling of banned plastic.
(III) in rhetoric about banning the product.
both (I) and (II)
only (I)
only (III)
Both (II) and (III)
All (I), (II) and (III)
Solution:
Expression (III) is the most appropriate expression to fill the blank with reference to the theme of the paragraph. Since, the sentence before has mentioned about the usefulness of the plastic and the phrase “where plastic waste is treated and recycled rather than” indicates a superior choice in the sentence. The most appropriate phrase in this context is “in rhetoric about banning the product”; while the other two expressions have neglected the usage of “rather than” which is used to indicate that something is done in place of something else. Hence, option (c) is the most viable answer choice.
Q10. (I) for stabilized waste managed system
(II) for establishing a waste management system
(III) to entrench a waste management system
both (I) and (II)
only (I)
only (III)
Both (II) and (III)
All (I), (II) and (III)
Solution:
Since the paragraph has mentioned about the development of a waste management system, only expression (II) and (III) comply with the grammatical syntax of the sentence. Moreover, “stabilized” means make or become unlikely to change, fail, or decline, which makes the first expression incorrect. Hence, option (d) is the most suitable answer choice.
Directions (11-12): The sentences given in each of the following questions, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labeled with a letter. From among the five choices given below each question, choose the most logical order of sentences that construct a coherent paragraph.
Q11. (A)However, "motivation" which drives our voluntary behaviours can be said to be the strongest driving factor of all.
(B)Motivation, previous academic record, self-financing, quality of teaching and nature of class lectures are factors that influence attendance.
(C)The control that students have over their action, their environment, determines their choice.
(D)The level of motivation and the class context determines whether one wishes to attend a class or not.
(E)Another critical factor that drives attendance is quality of teaching, which varies from brilliant to sadly, pathetic.
ABDCE
BADCE
CBDAE
DBCEA
EBDCA
Solution:
Among the given statements, the sentence (B) specifies certain factors that influence attendance in the education sector, which indicates that it should be the first sentence of the paragraph. The sentence (A) follows the sentence (B) perfectly, furthering the derivation of the factors. The other three sentences (D), (C) and (E) form a chain following one after the another. Thus, the sentences in the sequence of BADCE form a coherent paragraph which is about the factors that lead a student to the classroom. Hence option (b) is the correct choice.
Q12. (A)The name is based on Henri Matise and Louis Vauxcelles’s remark that Georges Braque’s painting, Houses at L’Estaque, looked like it was composed of cubes.
(B)Instead, it celebrated the two-dimensional nature of the canvas, representing an object from multiple perspectives using planes.
(C)Cubism rejected the single point perspective that had been in vogue since the Renaissance as well as the need for art to faithfully portray the real world as it was.
(D)It is considered to have begun in 1907 with Picasso’s Les Demoiselles D’Avignon.
(E)Cubism refers to a defining movement in early 20th art, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque.
BDCAE
ABEDC
CBAED
BDECA
EDACB
Solution:
Among the given statements, it can be visualized that the theme of the paragraph revolves around “Cubism”. Considering that, the sentence (E) should begin the paragraph, which should be followed by the statement (D). Sentences (C) and (B) form a combination, giving a contrasting touch. Moreover, the sentence (B) should be the concluding statement of the paragraph. Thus, sentences in the sequence of EDACB form a coherent paragraph which is about the definition of Cubism in art. Hence option (e) is the correct choice.
Direction (13-15): In the following question a part of the sentence is given in bold, it is then followed by three sentences which try to explain the meaning of the phrase given in bold. Choose the best set of alternatives from the five options given below each question which explains the meaning of the phrase correctly without altering the meaning of the sentence given as question.
Q13. Should you be heading to Australia on a full working visa, you’ll need to wrap your head around their tax laws and regulations so that you don’t find yourself in violation of any directives.
(I) If you are moving to Australia on a full working visa, you must understand completely their tax laws and regulations so that you don’t fail to comply with any of their authoritative instructions.
(II) The knowledge of Australian’s tax norms and regulations will help you to attain full time working visa, since you won’t violate any of their directives.
(III) While relocating to Australia on a full working visa, you must have the entire understanding of their tax norms and regulations, so that you don’t breach their official policies.
Only (III) is correct
Only (II) is correct
Both (I) and (III) are correct
Both (I) and (II) are correct
All are correct
Solution:
The phrase “to wrap your head around” means to comprehend something that one considers challenging, confusing, or a foreign concept. Among the given statements, both sentences (I) and (III) express the meaning which complies to the meaning of the phrase and at the same time they make sure that the actual meaning of the sentence remains intact. Statement (II) is irrelevant as it alters the meaning of the sentence. Hence (c) is the correct option.
Q14. As tempting as it is, don't burn bridges at work is a good rule, especially over something relatively minor.
(I) However strong the urge is, you shouldn’t spoil your relationships at your work place, particularly over a minor issue.
(II) The policy of not ruining your work relationships in your work place works better, only in minor issues.
(III) The policy of not working efficiently in your workplace serves good, especially in case of minor projects.
Only (I) is correct
Only (III) is correct
Both (II) and (III) are correct
Both (I) and (II) are correct
All are correct
Solution:
The phrase “don't burn bridges at work” means ‘to not destroy one's path, connections, reputation, opportunities, etc., particularly intentionally.”. Thus, among all the given options only sentence (I) serves the appropriate meaning of the sentence. Other sentences stand contextually incorrect. Hence (a) is the correct option.
Q15. Emerging economies do need a tool to stabilize capital flows, intervention by central banks in foreign exchange markets is a blunt instrument with many uncontrolled spillover effects.
(I) There is a requirement to introduce a new method to stabilize capital flows in emerging economies, since the interference by central banks in foreign markets has severe consequences in various economic fields.
(II) Emerging economies must develop a new instrument to liquify capital flows, as the instruments of central banks in foreign exchange markets have caused several economic effects.
(III) Central bank’s dealings in foreign exchange market is an instrument to stabilize capital flows in emerging economies, however, its outcomes are unsatisfactory.
Only (III) is correct
Only (I) is correct
Both (I) and (III) are correct
Both (I) and (II) are correct
All are correct
Solution:
The phrase “many uncontrolled spillover effects” means unexpected consequences or repercussions spreading in different sectors. Among the given statements, only sentences (I) expresses the precise meaning which complies to the meaning of the phrase and at the same time it makes sure that the actual meaning of the sentence remains intact. Statement (II) and (III) are irrelevant as it alters the meaning of the sentence. Hence (b) is the most suitable answer choice.
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