Table of Contents
Directions (1-5): In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate words without changing the meaning of the passage.
India with its rich biodiversity and widespread inequality must especially pay heed now. Our nation has all too often sacrificed the environment and the rights of our people while chasing the ____(1)____ of unbridled economic growth. Of course, progress requires trade-offs, but there must always be boundaries that cannot be ____(2)____. But over the past six years, the government has thoughtlessly — or worse, with intent — eroded our environmental protection framework. The biennial global Environmental Performance Index report has consistently put India at the ____(3)____ of its rankings. We were an alarming 177th out of 180 countries in 2018, faring badly on virtually all indicators — environmental health policy, biodiversity and habitat, air and water pollution and climate change.
The pandemic should have made the government ____(4)____ and reconsider its environmental and public health governance. Instead, the Ministry is handing out clearances during the lockdown without proper public consultations. The announcement of coal auctions by the Prime Minister in previously declared ‘no go’ areas, signals that the government is in no mood to course-correct. The disastrous Draft Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), 2020 Notification, which among other provisions, gives a clean chit to polluters violating environmental regulations through ex-post facto approvals, will ____(5)____ unprecedented devastation on our environment.
Q1.
(a) Order
(b) Alarming
(c) Chimera
(d)Negate
(e) Group
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Q2.
(a) Adverted
(b) Transgressed
(c) Chaotic
(d) Disordered
(e) Lawlessness
Q3.
(a) Bedlam
(b) Inspirit
(c) Terrifying
(d) Denounced
(e) Bottom
Q4.
(a) Praise
(b) Condemn
(c) Reflect
(d) Fade
(e) Experience
Q5.
(a) Unleash
(b) Demoralize
(c) Timid
(d) Uncritical
(e) Benevolent
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Directions (6-10): In each of the questions given below four words are given in bold. These four words may or may not be in their correct position. The sentence is then followed by options with the correct combination of words that should replace each other in order to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct. Find the correct combination of the words that replace each other. If the sentence is correct as it is then select option (e) as your choice.
Q6. From the very mindless (1), the government has desperately (2) sought to project an image (3) of ‘Ease of Doing Business’ to the world, start (4) of consequences.
(a) Both 1-3 and 2-4
(b) Only 2-3
(c) Only 1-4
(d) Both 1-4 and 2-3
(e) None of these
Q7. When system (1), adenoviruses are invading (2) and devoured by immune injected (3) cells patrolling for detected (4) microbes.
(a) Both 1-2 and 3-4
(b) Both 2-4 and 1-3
(c) Only 2-3
(d) Both 1-4 and 2-3
(e) None of these
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Q8. Both company-owners have government (1) heavily, without advance (2) research support, or extramural (3) purchase contract by the invested (4).
(a) Both 1-3 and 2-4
(b) Only 2-3
(c) Only 1-4
(d) Both 1-4 and 2-3
(e) None of these
Q9. Gavi, the global vaccine alliance (1), created COVAX — a funding facility to ensure (2) up-scaling vaccine production and its approvals (3) to low income countries as soon as regulatory access (4) emerge.
(a) Both 1-2 and 3-4
(b) Both 2-4 and 1-3
(c) Only 3-4
(d) Both 1-4 and 2-3
(e) None of these
Q10. Past COVID-19 or infection (1) cannot be readily identified (2) unless we track archival (3) information of all laboratory tests (4) and medical records.
(a) Both 1-3 and 2-4
(b) Only 2-3
(c) Only 1-4
(d) Both 1-4 and 2-3
(e) None of these
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Direction (11-15): In each of the following questions four words are given, of which two words are most nearly the same or opposite in meaning. Find the two words which are most nearly the same or opposite in meaning and indicate the number of the correct letter combination.
Q11.
(A) Defiance
(B) Tentative
(C) Idealistic
(D) Definitive
(a)A and B
(b)B and C
(c)A and C
(d)B and D
(e)A and D
Q12.
(A) Companion
(B) Slight
(C) Colleague
(D) Sensible
(a)A and B
(b)B and C
(c)A and C
(d)B and D
(e)A and D
Q13.
(A) Obedience
(B) Havoc
(C) Harmony
(D) Sturdy
(a)A and B
(b)B and C
(c)A and C
(d)B and D
(e)A and D
Q14.
(A) Frightening
(B) Douse
(C) Inspect
(D)Menacing
(a)A and B
(b)B and C
(c)A and C
(d)B and D
(e) A and D
Q15.
(A) Criticize
(B) Castigate
(C) Smother
(D) Violation
(a)A and B
(b)B and C
(c)A and C
(d)B and D
(e)A and D
Solutions
S1. Ans. (c)
Sol. Chimera: a thing which is hoped for but is illusory or impossible to achieve.
Hence, option (c) is the right answer choice.
S2. Ans. (b)
Sol. Transgressed: go beyond the limits of (what is morally, socially, or legally acceptable).
Hence, option (b) is the right answer choice.
S3. Ans. (e)
Sol. Here, the statement “We were an alarming 177th out of 180 countries in 2018” indicates that India was at the “bottom” of biennial global Environmental Performance Index report.
Hence, option (e) is the right answer choice.
S4. Ans. (c)
Sol. the statement “The pandemic should have made the government ————– (4) and reconsider its environmental and public health governance” indicates that the government should have shown and reassess its environmental and public health governance. “reflect” fits the blank appropriately. Hence, option (c) is the right answer choice.
S5. Ans. (a)
Sol. The statement “The disastrous Draft Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), 2020 Notification, which among other provisions, gives a clean chit to polluters violating environmental regulations through ex-post facto approvals, will ………….. (5) unprecedented devastation on our environment” indicates that the Government’s ignorance and various violations of regulations will cast devastating impacts on our environment or will release unrestrained devastation for our environment.
Unleash: cause (a strong or violent force) to be released or become unrestrained.
Hence, option (a) is the right answer choice.
S6. Ans. (c)
Sol. 1-4 will replace each other in order to make the sentence grammatically and contextuallycorrect. Hence, option (c) is the right answer choice.
S7. Ans. (b)
Sol. 2-4 and 1-3 will replace each other in order to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct. Hence, option (b) is the right answer choice.
S8. Ans. (d)
Sol. 1-4 and 2-3 will replace each other in order to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct. Hence, option (d) is the right answer choice.
S9. Ans. (c)
Sol. 3-4 will replace each other in order to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct. Hence, option (c) is the right answer choice.
S10. Ans. (e)
Sol. The given sentence is correct. Hence, option (e) is the right answer choice.
S11. Ans. (d)
Sol. Tentative: not certain or fixed; provisional.
Definitive: done or reached decisively and with authority.
Hence, option (d) is the right answer choice.
S12. Ans. (c)
Sol. A and C are synonymous in meaning with each other. Hence, option (c) is the right answer choice.
S13. Ans. (b)
Sol. B and C are opposite in meaning with each other. Hence, option (b) is the right answer choice.
S14. Ans. (e)
Sol. Frightening: making someone afraid or anxious; terrifying.
Menacing: suggesting the presence of danger; threatening.
Hence, option (e) is the right answer choice.
S15. Ans. (a)
Sol. Criticize: indicate the faults of (someone or something) in a disapproving way.
Castigate: reprimand (someone) severely. (reprimand: a formal expression of disapproval.)
Hence, option (a) is the right answer choice.
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