Para Completion New Pattern English For SBI PO and Bank Of Baroda PO Exam 2017 |

Just a few days are left for SBI PO and NIACL Assistant Examination. It is time to pace up your preparation with New Pattern Questions of English section for SBI PO Prelims and NIACL Assistant Prelims 2017. These English questions will also help you in preparing for BOB PO and NIACL AO 2017 recruitment examination. We have also provided study notes for the grammatical part. You can also practice New pattern English Questions.

Directions (1-15): The following questions have a paragraph from
which the last sentence has been deleted. From the given options, choose the
one that completes the paragraph in the most appropriate way.

Q1. Where some Economists argued that the Food security bill would
be a huge liability to India and that it was out of India’s financial
capability to fund this Bill, Amartya Sen responded in a stern way saying that
“Sitting in a room with Air Conditioning which is working as a result of
subsidized electricity as well as eating food prepared with subsidized cooking
gas as well as the fact that rich farmers being able to buy subsidized
fertilizers” for their own profit depicted a very selfish act. Economic Growth
has to be fairly distributed among the various social strata of society
according to their needs and in a country like India where the majority
population is under the BPL certain preferences of opportunities, minority
security as well as relief funds are to be provided.

(a) Reduction of communal violence, health, education and shelter
remain Indian Primary worries and Economic Growth can contribute to them if
used judiciously and effectively.

(b) In statements made by certain Economists as well as Global Organizations,
Economic Policies and Social Policies are seen to be not incompatible but”
bound to be at war with each other “and that Growth is the enemy of social
equity.

(c) A very important fact that our world economy misinterprets it,
is that both these economic variables are not contradicting each other but have
a subtle and important correlation between them.

(d) Hence we can therefore conclude that Economic Growth and
Social Welfare are Correlative variables and that with proper channelization of
Policies leads to higher social welfare which indirectly leads to more Economic
Growth.

(e) None of these

Q2. There is no one best price that the government can and should
try to find and dictate. Creating conditions for ensuring market prices can be
the only best response of the government that will help ensure the most
efficient allocation of resources. You cannot stand for making things
affordable for the common man while at the same time oppose FDI in retail.
Competition among various kinds of retailers will help ensure that. Also,
strict action against hoarders will not help curb occasional jump in prices of
certain commodities. Removing trade barriers will. Howsoever we may like to, we
cannot legislate away scarcity. As a common man trying to make a living in
Delhi, these are some of my areas of concern which I hope you will take note of
and find ways to address.

(a) First principles of economics tells us that it is because of
the mismatch in demand and supply.

(b) At the very least, You have certainly raised the level of
debate in this country and brought some serious competition amongst a field
dominated by age-old political parties.

(d) You have certainly raised the bar of expectations that we as
the common man have from public officers and for that we thank you.

(e) None of these

Q3. The aim of the youth in politics appears to be not just
contesting elections and assuming power, but a larger aim to serve the society
and save it from innumerable social-ills. However, to achieve these conceived
objectives of progress, development, peace and empowerment, the youth need
adequate nurturing. Education must be a mix of theory, case studies and
practical exposure, which would make them aware of the realities of the
society. Political parties must also focus on the capacity development of the
youth who would be the harbingers of change. Development and enhancement of the
leadership skills must be focused upon.

(a) Ingrained with rational values, perceptions and ideals, the
youth in Indian politics hold the promise that they would not yield to obsolete
dogmas and slogans. The mantra that not rings loud is- “If politics determines
our future, it is time, we determined our politics”.

(b) Youth of such high characters in a civil society make for a
more informed citizenry, who have the power to facilitate better awareness,
make for better participation in the political realm and articulate the choices
of the people at large, thereby holding the government more accountable.

(c) Elastic as the concept is, politics demands the qualities of
the youth, said Robert Kennedy in 1966. Youth is not a time of life, but a
state of mind, a temper of the will, a quality of the imagination, predominance
of courage over timidity and of the appetite for adventure over the love of
ease.

(d) Their activism has shown that their voices cannot be subdues as
they belong to the land of Mahatma Gandhi.

(e) None of these

Q4. Legitimacy of a government is one that has been an incessant
thorn for the international community. One would assume that the post cold-war
ideology which believes that the best and only form of a legitimate government
is the one which is elected through a democratically held election would settle
matters easily with election being the only benchmark for determining
legitimacy. But then to classify a democratically elected government which
refuses its citizenry the most basic of democratic rights as the
representatives of its people would be a gross human rights violation.

(a) But the recognition that such government has from the
international community is also an important element determining the legitimacy
of such government.

(b) This creates a rather meek reality for the many struggling in
the middle-east or the other regions for the new government they aim to create
would be subject to a more rigorous international diplomatic scrutiny than
their tyrannical counterparts they would be replacing.

(c) The moral compass of the nation states whose recognition is
sought is a subjective tool and can liberally sway in the direction that
favours that nation’s own national interest or even soothe the ruling party’s
vote banks.

(d) Sanction of the citizen which it seeks to represent is an
important source for deriving legitimacy for a government.

(e) None of these

Q5. There is no final judgment in the marketplace for ideas since
one can never know when the circumstances will lead to a renewed interest for
that idea. There was a time when libertarianism was very dormant and now
because of excessive government regulation, people looking for answers have
re-discovered it. By the author’s logic, Copernicus should have conceded defeat
to Helios-centric model of solar system, Communists should have conceded defeat
after Soviet’s fall and Mao’s Great Leap Forward. Besides, it is extremely
ignorant to call the market place of ideas as free and unfettered given the
extent of state sponsored education that almost never showed the nation state’s
founding philosophy in bad light.

(a) If you believe in the free market, why weren’t you willing to
accept as final the judgment against libertarianism rendered decades ago in the
free and unfettered marketplace of ideas?

(b) History, the repository of ideas has almost always been
directed by the State to promote nationalism at the cost of truth.

(c) The author need only read USA’s account of Great Depression,
Vietnam War, Iraq and Afghanistan War
etc. to realize the truth.

(d) Does our libertarian recognize that large corporations are a
threat to our freedoms?

(e) None of these

Q6. The debt ridden, staggering economy of Europe is no longer
news to anyone. Even a layman like me who hardly has very basic understanding of
economics can gauge the direct implications of this economic hardship.
Unemployment has surged, inflation rates are soaring and the current account
deficits are hard to come to terms with. The causes for this economic downswing
has been explained by economists in several ways; profligacy on the part of
governments, shortsightedness etc.

(a) The tough economic condition in Europe has created a
frustrated population. They have long been looking at the government with
desperate eyes to make amends.

(b) History repeats itself; not in the situations created by
destiny, but in the reactions of people to these situations. Friedrich Hegel
had very rightly mentioned, “the only thing we learn from history is that we
learn nothing from history”.

(d) Being a lover of European history and an ardent fan of world
war movies, the first two words that propped up in my head was “hail Hitler”.

(e) None of these

Q7. Taking a bike on to Britain’s roads is not as dangerous as it
once was. Estimates from the Department for Transport show that, per million miles
cycled, the number of cyclists killed or seriously injured has fallen by 33%
since the 1990s. But the rate has recently moved up again, even as the number
of road accidents in general has fallen sharply.

(a) In London, cyclists made up 22% of all casualties on the roads
in 2012, up from just 10% in 2006

(b) Thus, it can be concluded that cyclists are responsible for
their own safety, or lack thereof.

(c) Cars, on the other hand, have seen a 7% fall in accidents and
have also lower figures for number of casualties in the past two decades, as
compared to cycle accidents.

(d) Road accidents are an unnatural phenomenon and no blame can be
attached to cyclists for having seen a rise in their contribution towards the
same.

(e) None of these

Q8. Mr Modi would face more constraints, and enjoy fewer direct
powers, as prime minister of India than he does as chief minister of Gujarat.
It is unclear whether he would be good at holding together a coalition (which
any BJP-led government would surely be), delegating to others, negotiating on
legislation or responding to crises as they arise. But the record from Gujarat
suggests he thinks hard about policy, has clear ideas of how he would promote
higher economic growth and social development and would prefer to bolster
overall wealth creation than promote social welfare schemes. If economics alone
mattered, Mr Modi’s achievements in Gujarat suggest he is the man best placed
to get India moving again. The problem is that political leaders are
responsible for more.

(a) For all his crowds of supporters, his failures in 2002, and
his refusal since to atone for them leave him a badly compromised candidate
with much left to do.

(b) Mr. Modi is a political leader like none other and is sure to
become India’s next Prime Minister, come May 2014.

(c) And Mr. Modi has chalked out the solution to this problem, in
the form of higher economic growth and social development.

(d) Surely, a Chief Minister for a Third Term can be called a
political leader, isn’t it?

(e) None of these

Q9. It is worth noting that if the political structure of North
African countries was characterized by strong and efficient checks and
balances, politicians and policy-makers would have less freedom to influence
the countries’ political economy according to their own interests. Individual
economic and social agents would then have less leeway to behave in a manner
serving their private interest by exercising disproportionate lobbying
influence on politicians.

In the same fashion, the existence of a strong legal and judicial
framework that enforces property rights would allow the efficient supervision
of international, economic, and financial standards and provide private market
participants with the ability to monitor and control economic activities.
Levels of corruption would also be brought down and the economic and banking
sectors’ performance would improve.

(a) The absence of checks and balances facilitated the
establishment of what Acemoglu and Robinson called “vicious circles.”

(b) The low level of participation, transparency, and
information-sharing allowed by the institutional infrastructure in North
African countries provide fertile grounds for pressure and lobbying from
powerful interest groups pursuing personal interests.

(c) The picture painted by the various economic and financial
reforms implemented in the region, however, ignores rooted institutional
deficiencies. These are crucial to fully understand the social unrest that has
swept the region.

(d) Going beyond mere economic factors, the lack of transparency,
symmetrical access to information and practical accountability to the public –
as exclusive networks hold power over the political economy structures –
represent a significant stumbling block to political transition and make North
African economies more prone to economic and social instability.

(e) None of these

Q10. The moral and legal prohibitions on torture and any kind of
humiliating and degrading treatment, create an immense moral presumption
against such actions. Torture is judged wrong both because of its immediate
harmful consequences – the severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental
– as well as its wider adverse consequences. These include the way torture can
provide a recruiting sergeant for the terrorists’ cause by exposing the gap
between liberal values that we proclaim and the illiberal practices we adopt,
as Guantanamo Bay demonstrated. But the harmful consequences of torture are
only part of the explanation. We also condemn torture because of its internal
qualities.

(a) In deciding whether to legalize torture, we need, therefore,
ultimately to consider whether, even if torture sometimes works, we want to
belong to the kind of society that institutionalizes such a practice, despite
its morally corrosive internal and external qualities, affecting all those
involved.

(b) To succeed in his craft, the special interrogator needs to
become, at best, indifferent to the pain of those whom he is interrogating;
and, at worst, adept in the vice of cruelty.

(c) Yet, we need our special interrogators to be – professionally
– men or women of vice. In the ticking bomb examples, the torturer arrives by
magic just at the moment we need him; and he departs, conveniently, shortly
thereafter.

(d) Torture adversely affects the character of those involved in
the process: both the torturers and the tortured.

(e) None of these

Q11. Effective foreign policy requires a clarity regarding the
nation’s interests. It requires focus and will. With no clarity, will or focus,
Indian foreign policy is a disaster. Politicians are both uninformed and
uninterested in foreign policy. Diplomats of the elite Indian Foreign Service
(IFS) care more about cushy assignments in the US and Europe than serving the
nation’s interests.

(a) India’s response has been woefully inadequate – this is in
keeping with historical precedent.

(b) India’s foreign policy establishment has a reputation for
lacking a backbone.

(d) Few care about serving in strategically important places such
as Afghanistan or Egypt. It is little wonder that India has made little
progress in its quest for permanent seat in the United Nations Security
Council.

(e) None of these

Q12. Understanding Iran’s scientific heritage and respecting it
builds the kind of trust that will inevitably be necessary for sustained
engagement and reducing insecurities that can lead to counter-productive
actions by hardliners. Success in this field can spill over to other crucial
areas, such as the human rights situation in Iran, which has significantly
deteriorated over the course of the past years. Time, however, is limited. The
political pendulum in Iran will swing back in favor of the hardliners if the
Rouhani government has little to show for in the next six to twelve months.

(a) By following through on scientific and technological
collaboration, Washington and Brussels can – over time – help fundamentally
transform Tehran’s relations with the West.

(b) Second chances do not come often. We have a golden opportunity
to test win-win proposals and strengthen the positive-sum narrative of the
Iranian moderates – not just at the negotiating table, but also through
concrete actions that can facilitate a new, cooperative relationship with Iran
and its people, void of the painful baggage of the past.

(c) Will the more cooperative, moderate and win-win approach
favored by President Hassan Rouhani and the majority of the population take
root and prevail?

(d) The human rights situation in Iran, which has significantly
deteriorated over the course of the past years.

(e) None of these

Q13. I criticized Adonis because he engaged politically, and
placed himself firmly on the side of the government. He himself criticized the
revolution, and the people themselves. He can criticize me personally as Ali
Ferzat, he can criticize individual people, but he really cannot criticize the
majority or the movement. He also contradicts himself; he supported the [1979] revolution in Iran, which was all about religion, but now he’s outspoken
against the Syrian revolution, because he says it’s coming from the mosques. So
you can see the contradiction.

(a) This regime came riding in military tanks – but he hasn’t
criticized the regime, he’s criticized the people whose crime was simply asking
for their freedom.

(b) As an artist you need to tackle important issues but not
engage in political polemics yourself.

(c) Caricature is on the front line against dictatorship. It is an
art form for all people – people who may not necessarily understand painting or
sculpture, but [who will all] understand caricature.

(d) His position on religion is confused and misleading at the
same time.

(e) None of these

Q14. Love affairs are based on opportunism and the fulfillment of
some kind of need in the moment without foresight for future consequences of
action. They have no substance of loyalty and Qatar is most certainly not
monogamous. Qatar’s rendezvousing all at once with the Brotherhood among other
Islamist groups, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Western powers, Iran and whoever should
ascend to power regionally, is highly risky behavior. The Muslim Brotherhood
itself is far removed from its original formation in goals and will not lose
sight of its most earnest desire for expansionism, power and influence. Given
this cocktail mix of relations and conflicting interests, the potential
long-term consequences are unfathomable.

(a) However, does this mean the love affair with the Muslim
Brotherhood is over?

(b) Having held close ties with the Brotherhood for some time,
Qatar’s relationship with the movement has only grown stronger in recent years.

(d) The Qatari state does not have a clear strategy on how to move
forward due to Syria’s worsening crisis.

(e) None of these

Q15. As more and more consumers opt to view content via the
Internet, the playing field may eventually level, although Netflix and Amazon
have a significant head start, Raff adds. For example, HBO could garner similar
analytics through its HBO Go app. What’s unclear at the moment is whether new
outlets for original programming will dilute the market for high-end
productions. “Obviously, there isn’t room for infinite content, but there is
definitely room for multiple providers,” says Bradlow, noting that customers
have multiple tastes and the mass market has fragmented.

(a) The subscription nature of their businesses and the data
collection mechanisms built into their systems means the companies are all in a
position to know hourly what customers are watching, how they interact with
content and what their preferences are.

(b) In theory, if the online channels can use original content to
attract new groups of viewers who wouldn’t otherwise subscribe, they can invest
the extra money in producing more in-house series and features and recoup those
costs over time.

(c) This is a matter of having privileged access to customers and
exploiting a fixed cost to do as much business as you can.

(d) The real impact of the company’s original content plans will
play out in the years to come.

(e) None of these

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