Dear Students, Finally the most challenging and toughest exam SBI PO has started today, 29 April 2017. In the English section, there were total 30 questions. Reading Comprehension 10 Q, Cloze test 10 Q and Phrase replacement 10 Q. In this post, we will discuss questions related to ‘Cloze test’. These types of questions are based on the vocabulary and phrasal verbs. Students are advised to revise vocabulary and phrasal verbs. We have already provided Important Phrasal verbs for SBI PO and other bank exams as well.
Directions (1-8): Read the
following paragraph. Some of the words have been highlighted in bold. Answer
the questions based on this paragraph.
following paragraph. Some of the words have been highlighted in bold. Answer
the questions based on this paragraph.
Light has been used as a beacon
to mariners for thousands of years, for as long as man has taken to the sea. From
the first primitive light beacons evolved the modern lighthouse, found on
almost every waterway and coast in the world. To the uneducated eye each of
these lighthouses, despite their distinct locations, seem to be irrelevant variations
on a homogeneous design. However, nothing could be further from the truth; from
height to lenses, each lighthouse is as unique as the landscape that surrounds
it.
to mariners for thousands of years, for as long as man has taken to the sea. From
the first primitive light beacons evolved the modern lighthouse, found on
almost every waterway and coast in the world. To the uneducated eye each of
these lighthouses, despite their distinct locations, seem to be irrelevant variations
on a homogeneous design. However, nothing could be further from the truth; from
height to lenses, each lighthouse is as unique as the landscape that surrounds
it.
There is not one feature of a
lighthouse that is arbitrary. By day, the varying color patterns painted on lighthouses
help sailors distinguish their location along the coastline. These patterns,
known as “daymarks,” are usually a combination of white, black, or red, can be
painted in broad bands or spirals, and none is alike. The earliest modern
lighthouses employed a catoptric light system that used parabolic silver
mirrors to reflect lamplight into a concentrated beam. Often, this bowl- or
cone-shaped reflector would be made to spin around the lamp, rotating the beam
in the “searchlight” manner typical of many lighthouses. An everyday example of
a catoptric light system can be found in a common household flashlight. In 1822
a revolutionary, multi-prismatic lens designed by Jean Augustin Fresnel ushered
in the dioptric optical system for lighthouses, able to produce a five-times
more powerful beam using the same light source as the catoptric system. Instead
of reflecting the light, the Fresnel lens, which is actually a series of concentric
rings of segmental lenses, refracted it. By 1860, every existing lighthouse in
the United States had been converted to a Fresnel lens, and to fully take
advantage of this more powerful light beam, lighthouses built after the lens’s introduction
stood much taller than their predecessors. Later, an even more effective
optical system known as the catadioptric system was developed, which was a
hybrid of the two earlier systems. By 1900 most lighthouses began to convert to
electricity and use incandescent bulbs; prior to that, lanterns fueled by wood,
coal, or oil served as a lighthouse’s source light for the optical system.
lighthouse that is arbitrary. By day, the varying color patterns painted on lighthouses
help sailors distinguish their location along the coastline. These patterns,
known as “daymarks,” are usually a combination of white, black, or red, can be
painted in broad bands or spirals, and none is alike. The earliest modern
lighthouses employed a catoptric light system that used parabolic silver
mirrors to reflect lamplight into a concentrated beam. Often, this bowl- or
cone-shaped reflector would be made to spin around the lamp, rotating the beam
in the “searchlight” manner typical of many lighthouses. An everyday example of
a catoptric light system can be found in a common household flashlight. In 1822
a revolutionary, multi-prismatic lens designed by Jean Augustin Fresnel ushered
in the dioptric optical system for lighthouses, able to produce a five-times
more powerful beam using the same light source as the catoptric system. Instead
of reflecting the light, the Fresnel lens, which is actually a series of concentric
rings of segmental lenses, refracted it. By 1860, every existing lighthouse in
the United States had been converted to a Fresnel lens, and to fully take
advantage of this more powerful light beam, lighthouses built after the lens’s introduction
stood much taller than their predecessors. Later, an even more effective
optical system known as the catadioptric system was developed, which was a
hybrid of the two earlier systems. By 1900 most lighthouses began to convert to
electricity and use incandescent bulbs; prior to that, lanterns fueled by wood,
coal, or oil served as a lighthouse’s source light for the optical system.
The patterns of light beams
emitted from these three different systems are as varied and individual as day
marker patterns. Each lighthouse has its own characteristic intervals of light
and eclipse. These intervals, known as night marks or signatures, are set in
specific patterns defined with such names as flashing, occulting, group
flashing, or group occulting. Beacons that are characterized as “flashing” have
intervals of darkness that are longer in duration than the intervals of light; “occulting”
lights display the opposite of this pattern. “Group flashing” or “group
occulting” light patterns are simple groups of small flashes or eclipses.
Obviously, there is no flash-eclipse pattern to a steady, uninterrupted “fixed”
light, but rare patterns known as fixed flashing do exist; in such patterns,
the beacon’s light fluctuates between a higher and lower beam intensity. What
distinguishes each lighthouse is the rate of repetition for the intervals of
flash and eclipse or fixed flashing. This unique repetition rate is called a
period, and each lighthouse’s period is charted in United States Coast Guard
publications known as light lists. In addition to a lighthouse’s night marks,
its daymarks are included in these charts as well. Smart sailors still value
these charts because they know that long after their fragile radios and radar
rust into uselessness, the stalwart lighthouses will still be standing tall.
emitted from these three different systems are as varied and individual as day
marker patterns. Each lighthouse has its own characteristic intervals of light
and eclipse. These intervals, known as night marks or signatures, are set in
specific patterns defined with such names as flashing, occulting, group
flashing, or group occulting. Beacons that are characterized as “flashing” have
intervals of darkness that are longer in duration than the intervals of light; “occulting”
lights display the opposite of this pattern. “Group flashing” or “group
occulting” light patterns are simple groups of small flashes or eclipses.
Obviously, there is no flash-eclipse pattern to a steady, uninterrupted “fixed”
light, but rare patterns known as fixed flashing do exist; in such patterns,
the beacon’s light fluctuates between a higher and lower beam intensity. What
distinguishes each lighthouse is the rate of repetition for the intervals of
flash and eclipse or fixed flashing. This unique repetition rate is called a
period, and each lighthouse’s period is charted in United States Coast Guard
publications known as light lists. In addition to a lighthouse’s night marks,
its daymarks are included in these charts as well. Smart sailors still value
these charts because they know that long after their fragile radios and radar
rust into uselessness, the stalwart lighthouses will still be standing tall.
Q1. The author’s primary purpose
is to
is to
(a) relate a charming tale
(b) detail the specific functions
of a lighthouse
of a lighthouse
(c) illustrate a point made by
the author
the author
(d) offer an unbiased opinion
(e) enumerate lighthouse facts
Q2. Based on the passage, which
of the following is probably NOT true of lighthouses?
of the following is probably NOT true of lighthouses?
(a) The earliest lighthouses were
bonfires built on the shore to guide fishermen back to the beach.
bonfires built on the shore to guide fishermen back to the beach.
(b) Up until very recently, the
capturing and defending of lighthouses was often of strategic naval importance
during a war.
capturing and defending of lighthouses was often of strategic naval importance
during a war.
(c) The invention of the
incandescent bulb lessened the duties of a lighthouse keeper.
incandescent bulb lessened the duties of a lighthouse keeper.
(d) A lighthouse’s “period” is
randomly assigned from a list.
randomly assigned from a list.
(e) The tallest standing
lighthouse has a catadioptric light system.
lighthouse has a catadioptric light system.
Q3. Based on information from the
passage, a pattern defined as “group fixed occulting” would consist of
passage, a pattern defined as “group fixed occulting” would consist of
(a) a group of small fluctuations
in light intensity
in light intensity
(b) a group of small intervals of
darkness that last longer than the intervals of light
darkness that last longer than the intervals of light
(c) a group of small intervals of
light that last longer than the intervals of darkness
light that last longer than the intervals of darkness
(d) a group of small intervals of
light and darkness that are equal in duration
light and darkness that are equal in duration
(e) This pattern is not possible.
Q4. In the passage, homogenous
most closely means
most closely means
(a) different
(b) uniform
(c) sturdy
(d) colorful
(e) antiquated
Q5. According to the passage,
which of the following statements is/are true of catoptric light systems?
which of the following statements is/are true of catoptric light systems?
I. They were installed in
lighthouses built prior to the 1820s.
lighthouses built prior to the 1820s.
II. They use refraction to create
a concentrated light beam.
a concentrated light beam.
III. Only a few remain in
American lighthouses today.
American lighthouses today.
(a) I only
(b) III only
(c) I and II only
(d) I and III only
(e) I, II, and III
Q6. Based on the passage, it can
be inferred that all of the following employ either a catoptric or dioptric
light system EXCEPT a
be inferred that all of the following employ either a catoptric or dioptric
light system EXCEPT a
(a) headlight
(b) flashlight
(c) film projector
(d) lantern
(e) laser
Q7. According to the passage, an
operational lighthouse must
operational lighthouse must
(a) be manned by lighthouse keepers
(b) have a generic period
(c) be of at least a certain
height
height
(d) possess distinct day marks and
night marks
night marks
(e) use a catoptric optical
system
system
Q8. Based on the final sentence
of the passage, it can be inferred that the author would describe a sailor who
relies solely on technology as a means of navigation as
of the passage, it can be inferred that the author would describe a sailor who
relies solely on technology as a means of navigation as
(a) a typical example of the
contemporary mariner
contemporary mariner
(b) better equipped for adversity
than his predecessors
than his predecessors
(c) overconfident in his own
skills
skills
(d) an incompetent novice
(e) ill-prepared for an equipment
failure
failure
Directions (9-15): For each of
the words below, a contextual usage is provided. Pick the word/phrase from the
alternatives that is most the appropriate substitute in the given context and
mark its number as your answer.
the words below, a contextual usage is provided. Pick the word/phrase from the
alternatives that is most the appropriate substitute in the given context and
mark its number as your answer.
Q9. Confabulation: The
confabulation came to an abrupt stop when she entered the room.
confabulation came to an abrupt stop when she entered the room.
(a) conversation
(b) celebration
(c) commotion
(d) performance
(e) rhetoric
Q10. Vociferous: The authorities
refused to bow down to the vociferous protests of the students.
refused to bow down to the vociferous protests of the students.
(a) fickle
(b) solemn
(c) demanding
(d) clamorous
(e) resounding
Q11. Voracious: Being a voracious
reader, he seldom feels lonely.
reader, he seldom feels lonely.
(a) insatiable
(b) lethargic
(c) unenthusiastic
(d) evasive
(e) moody
Q12. Dilettante: Given the number
of dilettante politicians in the Rajya sabha, it is not surprising that M.P’s
are seeking alternate careers.
of dilettante politicians in the Rajya sabha, it is not surprising that M.P’s
are seeking alternate careers.
A person who
(a) is professional
(b) is devoted
(c) deceives
(d) is committed
(e) cultivates an interest without
commitment
commitment
Q13. Connivance: The city’s moral
police, in connivance with authorities, have enforced regulations quite
unsympathetically.
police, in connivance with authorities, have enforced regulations quite
unsympathetically.
(a) pretension
(b) collusion
(c) ignorance
(d) combination
(e) keeping
Q14. Lacuna: There is a critical
lacuna in asset classification, which makes money invested in a stalled project
to be treated as a standard asset.
lacuna in asset classification, which makes money invested in a stalled project
to be treated as a standard asset.
(a) promise
(b) definition
(c) gap
(d) grading
(e) abyss
Q15. Euphemistically: It is one
of the many stalled projects euphemistically referred to as ‘project under the
completion’.
of the many stalled projects euphemistically referred to as ‘project under the
completion’.
(a) less harshly
(b) critically
(c) theoretically
(d) practically
(e) emotionally
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