The Hindu Newspaper Editorial Vocabulary For IBPS 2017

Example: What’s more, as the lawyer Gautam Bhatia has pointed out, in Offend, Shock, or Disturb: Free Speech under the Indian Constitution, in addition to the substantive concerns over Section 295A, problems also abound over the procedure contained in Section 95 of the crpc, which allows governments to ban books on mere surmises.

1. Substantive [suhb-stuh n-tiv] 
Noun: having independent existence; independent; belonging to the real nature or essential part of a thing; essential; real or actual; of considerable amount or quantity; possessing substance; having practical importance, value, or effect.

2. Mere [meer] 
Adjective: being nothing more nor better than.
Synonyms: bare, minor, pure, sheer, simple, common, entire, little, plain, poor, small, bald, blunt, complete, insignificant, pure and simple, , k, unadorned, unadulterated, unmitigated, unmixed, utter, very.
Antonyms: decorated, indefinite, uncertain, abnormal.

3. Surmise [verb ser-mahyz; noun ser-mahyz, sur-mahyz] 
Verb: to think or infer without certain or strong evidence; conjecture; guess; to conjecture or guess.
Noun: a matter of conjecture; an idea or thought of something as being possible or likely;
a conjecture or opinion.
Synonyms: assumption, attempt, conjecture, deduction, guesstimate, guesswork, hunch, hypothesis, idea, inference, notion, opinion, possibility, presumption, speculation, supposition, suspicion.
Antonyms: certainty, fact, information, knowledge.

Example: A ban on a book, howsoever pernicious its contents might be, should, under any circumstances, strike the court as a matter for serious consideration.

4. Pernicious [per-nish-uh s] 
Adjective: causing insidious harm or ruin; ruinous; injurious; hurtful; deadly; fatal.
Synonyms: damaging, dangerous, deadly, destructive, detrimental, devastating, harmful, lethal, malicious, nefarious, noxious, poisonous, ruinous, toxic, virulent, baleful, deleterious, evil, fatal, iniquitous, injurious, killing, maleficent, malevolent, malign.
Antonyms: advantageous, assisting, beneficial, benevolent.
Example: While this order is certainly welcome, any reasonable analysis of the court’s judgments shows us that it invariably tends to sing a different tune when faced with active bans imposed by the state, thereby shading its jurisprudence with more than a trace of caprice.

5. Shade [sheyd] 
Noun: the comparative darkness caused by the interception or screening of rays of light from an object, place, or area; a place or an area of comparative darkness, as one sheltered from the sun.
Verb: to produce shade in or on; to obscure, dim, or darken; to screen or hide from view; to protect (something) from light, heat, etc., by or as by a screen.
Synonyms: shadow, adumbration, blackness, coolness, cover, darkness, dusk, gloominess, obscurity, penumbra, screen, semidarkness, shadiness, shadows, umbra, umbrage, obscuration.
Antonyms: light, lightness, brightness, gap.

6. Jurisprudence [joo r-is-prood-ns, joo r-is-prood-] 
Noun: the science or philosophy of law; a body or system of laws; a department of law.
Synonyms: act, case, charge, charter, code, constitution, decision, decree, legislation, mandate, measure, order, precedent, regulation, requirement, ruling, statute, assize, behest, bidding.
Antonyms: disorganization, lawlessness, breaking, transgression.

7. Caprice [kuh-prees] 
Noun: a sudden, unpredictable change, as of one’s mind or the weather; a tendency to change one’s mind without apparent or adequate motive; whimsicality; capriciousness.
Synonyms: bee, caper, changeableness, contrariety, crotchet, fad, fancy, fickleness, fitfulness, freak, gag, humor, impulse, inconsistency, inconstancy, jerk, kink, mood, notion, peculiarity, perversity, quirk.
Antonyms: normality, constancy, constant, dependability.

Example: Upholding bans on books strikes at this legitimacy, at the principles of justice that are meant to fortify the republic.

8. Legitimacy [li-jit-uh-muh-see] 
Noun: the state or quality of being legitimate.
Synonyms: authority, justice, validity, lawfulness, licitness, permissibility, right, constitutionality, defendability, legitimateness.

9. Fortify [fawr-tuh-fahy] 
Verb: to protect or strengthen against attack; surround or provide with defensive military works; to furnish with a means of resisting force or standing strain or wear; to make strong; impart strength or vigor to; to increase the effectiveness of, as by additional ingredients.
Synonyms: brace, build up, buttress, consolidate, entrench, protect, reinforce, secure, shore up, step up, strengthen, bulwark, embattle, garrison, gird, prepare, prop, ready, steel, support, charge up, punch up, soup up.
Antonyms: harm, hurt, injure, let down.

10. Republic [ri-puhb-lik] 
Noun: a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them; any body of persons viewed as a commonwealth; a state in which the head of government is not a monarch or other hereditary head of state.
Synonyms: commonwealth, self-government, constitutional government, democratic state, representative government.